Cycle of investor emotions
Ride the wave
When things are great, we feel that nothing can stop us. And when things go bad, we look to take drastic action. Because emotions can be such a threat to an investor's financial health, it is important to know how to keep your head above water in the cycle of investor emotions.
Click on an emotion to learn more about how it affects investment choices.
Optimism
Investors typically start with optimism, which sits at the inflection point on the emotional upswing. We commonly expect things to go our way, or we expect to receive a return for the risk of investing. We go into the markets because we believe we will be able to grow our wealth through our investment choices.
Excitement
When markets move in the direction we had hoped to see, we start to get excited about the possibility of even greater gains.
Thrill
When the momentum continues, we find the experience thrilling and begin to anticipate even higher returns.
Euphoria
As markets reach the top of the cycle, investors may experience euphoria. We start to think that we made a smart move to invest when we did, and we believe that the good times will continue unchecked. We may even fool ourselves into believing we can tolerate higher levels of risk—and may begin to trade more frequently or invest in riskier asset classes.
Denial
The second phase of the cycle occurs when the market starts to turn. At first, we watch to see if the downturn is just a blip. We may believe that things will improve shortly and therefore hang on to our investments.
Anxiety
As the markets continue to fall, denial gives way to anxiety. Investment values decline perhaps even to the point that we begin to see losses. Reality sets in that maybe we weren’t as smart as we thought.
Fear
When market losses accelerate, real fear kicks in. Some investors may then turn defensive and switch out of riskier equities to more defensive equities or other asset classes such as bonds.
Depression
In the third phase of the cycle, the realities of a bear market come to the fore and an investor may become depressed and desperate.
Panic
Many of us missed our chance to take profits, and we may try to get our positions back into the black by either selling our worst-performing investments or moving into securities that don’t fit our risk profile. When that doesn’t work, panic sets in.
Capitulation
At this point, we feel at the mercy of the market and some of us pull out altogether, abandoning investments at precisely the wrong time.
Despondency
Those who remain invested may become despondent and wonder whether they should ever have invested their hard-earned money in the markets.
Skepticism
In the fourth phase of the cycle, investors may experience some skepticism when markets start to rise. We often have a sense of caution or worry, wondering if market growth will last.
Hope
Though investors are hopeful about continued market increases, we may still be reluctant to invest money—even at a point when prices are still relatively low and opportunities are attractive.
Relief
Eventually we come to realize that the market is recovering. For those investors who let their emotions rule their investment decisions, the market cycle can begin all over again.
*Magnificent 7 refers to Apple, Microsoft, Alphabet, Amazon, NVIDIA, Tesla and Meta as the largest market cap stocks.© Index from 1979 to 2023. In USD. Source for market events: Russell Investments. Indexes are unmanaged and cannot be invested in directly. Past performance is not indicative of future results.